States and cities are the new source of pandemic stimulus — is money available where you live?

COVID-19 cases are going up again across the country, and so are stimulus funds aimed at providing relief for Americans coping with the parallel pressures of the pandemic’s fallout, inflation, higher gas prices and rising interest rates.

But these rounds of aid and tax rebates are coming from decidedly different directions than the federal stimulus checks, tax credits and other pandemic aid during the first two years of the crisis. Whether you’re in line for a payment today has a lot to do with where you live.

Numerous states and cities — with stockpiles of federal stimulus to spend through 2026 — have approved or are considering fresh measures, including rebates, direct aid and even guaranteed income to give their citizens some cover.

Plus, some states’ coffers are overflowing from steep growth in tax collections, and leaders are passing some of the surpluses on to residents, as the federal government’s appetite for renewed national stimulus remains uncertain. (While a handful of proposed federal bills would send some taxpayers smaller aid payments — such as gas rebates or a direct stimulus payment — there’s no indication they would survive congressional scrutiny.)

Many cities and states appear eager to fill at least some of the void.

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Local relief: gas, groceries and tax rebates

More than 30 states have passed or are considering tax relief measures, according to the Tax Foundation think tank. Among them is Kansas, which is eliminating its sales tax on groceries. Other states are considering temporary suspensions of grocery or gasoline taxes.

Maine

The state will give $850 payments to 858,000 residents, using about half of its budget surplus. The relief checks will go to single tax filers making less than $100,000 in adjusted gross income and joint filers making less than $200,000.

Maryland

Baltimore announced a pilot program to give a guaranteed income of $1,000 per month for more than two years to 200 families to “allow young families to put money towards the things that they need the most food, clothes, transportation, medicine, housing, and so much more,” Mayor Brandon Scott said. “Our residents know their own needs better than anyone else and are best suited to improve their own well-being.”

The program follows the city’s effort to provide $400 prepaid cards to up to 15,000 households to cover the cost of basic needs during the pandemic.

New Jersey

The state is following up its 2021 income tax rebate stimulus with a program to send $500 payments to taxpayers who file with tax ID numbers rather than their Social Security numbers. The fund is targeted largely at immigrant workers in the country without authorization who weren’t eligible for federal stimulus and beefed-up COVID unemployment payments.

Similarly, New York’s Excluded Workers Fund provided payments to low-wage earners who lost income during the pandemic and could not collect federal COVID relief.

Do stimulus payments drive inflation?

Government aid has come in handy for tens of millions of Americans since the start of the pandemic. Low-income families have benefited from stimulus and child tax credits, while colleges and universities used federal payments to steer money to students, many of whom are already facing staggering long-term debt.

Money for the latest waves of local aid comes, in part, from the billions in federal aid packages sent to state and local governments. But the aid measures vary, in some cases radically, owing to the local-level priorities that typically differ from national ones.

Funds that go unspent before the end of 2026 must be returned — fueling a run on the local aid and creating concern that raising spending power through tax breaks or more stimulus will drive up demand and, thus, prices.

That conflict may vex economists, but state governments will be hard pressed, politically, to let stimulus funds go unused, and policymakers feel pressure to provide relief from high prices.

In many areas, the aid to citizens is kept relatively small or distributed in unusual ways, such as through prepaid gas cards and free transit cards in Chicago, as a way of diluting their inflation impact compared to direct monetary aid.

Guaranteed basic income

The national stimulus conversation has helped give new life to guaranteed income initiatives. The effort in Baltimore — along with attempts in California; Newark, New Jersey; and elsewhere – reflect dramatic attempts to help Americans living below the poverty line.

In the county of Los Angeles, the “Breathe” guaranteed income program gives participants $1,000 a month for three years with participants able to spend the funds how they wish.

The program’s website promotes the effort as giving “residents the chance to ‘breathe’ easier knowing they are more financially secure. … While the benefits of guaranteed income programs have been documented, this will also be an independent research project that will be used to study the effects of this type of program so that the County and other jurisdictions can learn about the project’s impact on the economic stability of participants, as well as its impact on participants’ overall health and well-being.“

Not everyone supports the concept. Critics of basic income programs contend they are expensive safety nets that can keep people out of the labor market while receiving payments that extend inflation risks.

This article provides information only and should not be construed as advice. It is provided without warranty of any kind.