What should I do if I’m bitten by a rattlesnake? They’re active in California heat

You are hiking on a local trail and hear a ”ch-ch-ch” not far from you when all of a sudden the worst happens. You get bitten by a rattlesnake.

Fortunately, these bites are usually not deadly — but still pose a risk and should be treated as a medical emergency. It is important to call an ambulance to receive medical assistance as soon as possible.

With Northern California heating up, it is active season for rattlesnakes, and they may be around on your next outdoor excursion.

Here are some ways to avoid the snakes and what you should do if you’re bitten.

How to avoid rattlesnakes

Rattlesnakes are not aggressive unless provoked or threatened, according to the University of California pest management program. They should be given plenty of space to move.

Hands, feet and ankles are the most common sites for rattlesnake bites. In the U.S., roughly a 1,000 people get bitten by rattlesnakes each year.

If you are walking on a trail, here’s how to avoid getting bitten. A general rule of thumb is always to give the snakes the right of way and keep your distance, according to the University of California.

• Stick to well-used trails while hiking. Avoid tall grass, weeds and heavy shrubbery.

• Wear appropriate over-the-ankle hiking boots and thick socks. Never go barefoot or with sandals when walking in the wilderness.

• Hike with a companion if possible. Carry a cell phone and let others know where you’re going.

• Look for concealed snakes before picking up rocks, sticks or firewood.

• Check rocks, stumps and logs before sitting down.

• Do not grab sticks in the water — it may be a snake. They are good swimmers.

• Tell children to leave snakes alone. They serve an important role in ecosystem and their space should be respected.

• If camping, shake out sleeping bags and tents before use.

Most bites occur when someone walking or climbing accidentally touches the rattlesnake, according to the USDA.

What do I do if I get bitten?

Rattlesnakes are venomous. However, around 25% of their bites are dry, meaning that venom was not released, according to the USDA.

All bites should be treated as venomous until you are able to receive treatment, to be safe.

In addition to calling 911 for professional treatment, the state department of fish and wildlife and the University of California recommend these things while waiting:

• Try to calm yourself or your friend if they get bitten

• Gently wash the area with soap and water

• Apply a cold, wet cloth over bite

• Remove any watches or rings that may constrict swelling

• Immobilize the affected area

• If possible, photograph the snake in order to help determine the venom and proper treatment

Here’s what not to do. These can worsen the wound and may lead to an amputation.

• Don’t apply a tourniquet

• Don’t ice the wound

• Do not suck the poison out

• Do not make a cut on the wound

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